What is the separation requirement for an aircraft that is diverging from another faster aircraft?

In the context of aircraft separation, when a slower aircraft is diverging from a faster aircraft, the minimum horizontal separation requirement is typically established at 5 nautical miles. This standard ensures that there is adequate space between the two aircraft, taking into account the closing speeds involved and the possibility of any minor deviations in flight paths. The 5-mile separation provides a safety buffer that helps to mitigate the risk of potential conflicts or collisions as the slower aircraft moves away from the faster one. This standard is grounded in air traffic control protocols designed to maintain safe distances between aircraft during their operations.

The other options do not meet the established separation distance needed in this scenario, making them insufficient for maintaining the necessary safety margins when dealing with varying speeds and potential airspace congestion. The reliance on a 5-mile minimum is a critical factor in ensuring air safety.