What does a velocity vector represent in aircraft operations?

A velocity vector in aircraft operations represents both the speed and direction of the aircraft's movement through the air. Specifically, it is a graphical representation that indicates not only how fast the aircraft is traveling but also the path it is taking. This information is vital for various aspects of flight planning and navigation, as understanding the aircraft's velocity allows pilots and air traffic controllers to make informed decisions regarding the aircraft's progress, potential path adjustments, and separation from other aircraft.

In this context, the other choices do not correctly address the function of a velocity vector. Altitude changes are related to vertical movement rather than speed and direction through the air. Fuel consumption over time is associated with the efficiency of the aircraft but does not represent movement or trajectory. Weather conditions can influence flight operations but are not directly represented by a velocity vector. Thus, the accurate interpretation of a velocity vector is crucial for successful aircraft operation and safety.