Before changing the aircraft's heading or route, what is necessary?

Approval from the transferring controller and any intervening controllers is necessary before changing the aircraft's heading or route. This procedure ensures that all relevant air traffic control (ATC) personnel are aware of the change and can manage the airspace safely and efficiently. Coordination is vital in maintaining situational awareness and preventing conflicts with other aircraft.

When a controller intends to issue a heading or route change, they must communicate with the controller responsible for the area where the aircraft is currently operating, as well as with those who might be affected by the change. This process maintains the integrity of the air traffic system, ensuring that all aircraft are properly sequenced and that safety is prioritized.

In contrast, the last contact with the pilot refers to communication but does not cover the broader requirement for clearance from control authorities before making changes. Default flight plan adjustments are more administrative and do not replace the need for real-time coordination with controllers. Lastly, while confirming weather conditions is essential for flight safety, it does not directly relate to the necessary protocol for altering an aircraft's heading or route in the context of ATC operations.